Sterilization

Sterilization is a permanent method of contraception. It is an operation that makes fertilization impossible. The sperm cells can no longer reach the egg cell. Sterilization does not generally affect your health.

Both men and women can choose sterilization. Male sterilization is called vasectomy while that of women is called tubal ligation.

After sterilization, the man still has ejaculations. He produces semen without sperm cells and can have sex the normal way.
The doctor blocks the sperm ducts so that sperm cells can no longer travel along the sperm ducts to the prostate and seminal vesicles, where the semen is produced.
For the first few months, there may be some sperm remaining in your semen. You should have your semen tested after 3 months to check for these remaining sperm. If your semen does not contain any sperm cells, you can stop using other methods of contraception and have sex without fear of pregnancy.

Sterilization does not affect the cycle, ovulation or menstrual period.
The doctor blocks the fallopian tubes so that sperm cells can no longer reach the egg cells.

The procedure normally takes between 15-20minutes by a skilled healthcare provider. For men, the operation is performed under local anaesthetic (you will be awake but you will not feel pain).
For women, the operation is usually performed using keyhole surgery, under local anaesthetic. You can go home immediately after this procedure,
However, if the healthcare provider has to make an incision in the belly, you will need a general anaesthetic which will knock you out. You cannot go home immediately if you had a general anaesthetic.
Sterilization does not usually affect your sexual desire or sex life. Men and women can still have orgasms.
Sterilization is a permanent method of contraception in both men and women. Reversal of sterilization is difficult and not always successful.

Sterilization is very reliable. Pregnancy is more likely to occur following female sterilization than male sterilization. When a man is sterilized, the risk is around 1 in 2,000 cases. When a woman is sterilized, it is around 1 in 200 cases.

Sterilization does not protect against STIs or HIV. Only a condom can protect you from such infections.

Male and female sterilization are more expensive than other contraceptive methods but they may save you money in the long run. Prices may vary and will depend on:

• The hospital where you have the procedures done.
• Whether you have local or general anaesthetic.
• The materials used by the doctor.
• Whether or not you stay in the hospital overnight.